# H.Con.Res. 40 (119th): This concurrent resolution directs the President to remove U.S

This concurrent resolution directs the President to remove U.S. Armed Forces from hostilities against Iran unless explicitly authorized by a declaration of war or a congressional authorization for use of military force against Iran. Elements of the U.S. Armed Forces needed to defend the United States, an ally, or a partner from imminent attack are not covered by this requirement provided the President complies with a specified provision of the War Powers Resolution. (The provision generally requires the President to remove U.S. Armed Forces from hostilities no more than 60 days after the President notifies or is required to notify Congress of such involvement, unless Congress authorizes such use. For more information on the War Powers Resolution, see CRS In Focus 13134 .)

## How this bill is scored

Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Lane: congressional_authorization. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: de_escalation. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
Lane: foreign_policy. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
Lane: war_funding. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
Lane: war_powers. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Stored polarity: good. A yea supports the bill. A nay is the penalized direction when the tag is scored as a protection. A yea on a credit tag is a credit.
Roll 114: On Agreeing to the Resolution. Vote type: final_passage.
Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The measure directly restrains unauthorized military hostilities against Iran by requiring removal of forces absent a declaration of war or congressional authorization. It preserves a narrow defensive exception and reinforces constitutional limits on war-making. This is a direct restraint on a named harm (unjust or unauthorized war), not a prudential trade-off.
Theological note: Scripture grants the sword to civil authority for justice and restraint of evil, while also requiring that war be waged under just cause and proper authority, with decisions about killing weighed carefully. This measure bears on who may authorize lethal force, insisting on constitutional authorization for hostilities and preserving a narrow defensive exception, so its relevance lies in restraining unauthorized killing and upholding lawful, accountable civil order.

## Recorded votes

Roll 114: On Agreeing to the Resolution. Yea 213 · Nay 214 · Other 4.

HTML: https://justmeasure.org/bill/hconres-40-119/