# S.J.Res. 118 (119th): A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.

A joint resolution to direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from hostilities within or against the Islamic Republic of Iran that have not been authorized by Congress.

## How this bill is scored

Tier: no Tier 1 record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Lane: de_escalation. Category: war_peace. Lane tag: prudential.
Lane: executive_overreach. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Lane: war_powers. Category: not stored. Lane tag: not stored.
Tier 1 sign-off: no record. A bill with no record cannot newly become Tier 1.
Stored polarity: good. A yea supports the bill. A nay is the penalized direction when the tag is scored as a protection. A yea on a credit tag is a credit.
Roll 58: On the Motion to Discharge S.J.Res. 118. Vote type: discharge.
Polarity rationale: Reviewed enrichment (llm_import) polarity: The measure directly restrains a potentially unjust war by requiring removal of forces from hostilities against Iran that Congress has not authorized. It preserves defense against attack, so it limits unauthorized killing without disarming ordinary national self-defense. This is a restraint on executive military action, not an advance of it.
Theological note: Scripture gives the sword to government for the restraint of evil and the defense of the innocent, and it calls rulers to act within lawful limits. Whether a nation may engage in armed hostilities, and who may authorize them, bears on bloodguilt, just cause, and the restraint of the executive. The bill's defensive carve-out keeps it focused on unauthorized offensive hostilities rather than on the defense of the nation.

## Recorded votes

Roll 58: On the Motion to Discharge S.J.Res. 118. Yea 47 · Nay 53 · Other 0.

HTML: https://justmeasure.org/bill/sjres-118-119/