Rankings updated October 26, 2026, 11:44 AM ET · Votes through September 30, 2026 Exported candidates: 719 | Filings on file, by office: H: 5838 | P: 1467 | S: 1567. These counts include every filing for that office, so they are larger than the ranked list. One person can have more than one filing. Non-voting delegates are left out.
proportionate_punishment
Proportionate punishment
Tier 2 - Grave Compromise
Doctrine surface for excessive fines, cruel punishments, excessive bail, and other disproportionate state penalties.
Principle: Justice must be measured and proportionate, not degrading or excessive.